Here are the **Obstetrics & Gynaecology** questions from numbers 103 and 107, paraphrased with five options, correct answers, and explanations:
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### **Obstetrics & Gynaecology**
**Q103)**
**Question:**
A pregnant woman in her second trimester presents with signs of anemia. She had severe vomiting during the first trimester. Laboratory results show a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL and a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 112 fL. What is the most likely diagnosis?
**Options:**
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Vitamin B12 deficiency
C) Folate deficiency anemia
D) Physiological anemia of pregnancy
E) Thalassemia trait
**Correct Answer:** C) Folate deficiency anemia
**Explanation:** The presence of macrocytic anemia (elevated MCV) and a history of severe vomiting during early pregnancy suggest **folate deficiency**. Folate requirements increase during pregnancy, and deficiencies can lead to anemia, especially in the context of inadequate intake due to vomiting.
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**Q107)**
**Question:**
An elderly man with a history of asthma, congestive heart failure, and peptic ulcer disease is admitted with bronchospasm and rapid atrial fibrillation. His serum potassium is noted to be 2.8 mmol/L. Which of his medications is most likely to have caused this abnormality?
**Options:**
A) Digoxin
B) ACE inhibitor
C) Salbutamol
D) Ranitidine
E) Amiodarone
**Correct Answer:** C) Salbutamol
**Explanation:** **Salbutamol**, a beta-agonist, can cause **hypokalemia** by driving potassium into cells, which explains the low serum potassium level observed in this patient. This side effect is common with beta-agonist use, particularly in patients with asthma.
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